(a) brown forest soil
(b) fissure volcanic rock
(c) granite and schist
(d) shale and limestone
Answer: (b)
Option (b) is correct: The black soils are found in the lava-covered areas. The Black soil is often referred to as “black cotton soils” since cotton has been the most common traditional crop in areas where they are found. Black soils are derivatives due to the weathering of fissure volcanic rock. The soil is spread mostly across interior Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh on the Deccan lava plateau and the Malwa Plateau, where there is both moderate rainfall and underlying basaltic rock.