Syllabus: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary
Context
- Government informed Parliament about integration of AI tools within e-Courts applications.
- Objective is to enhance judicial efficiency, transparency and access to justice.
What is Artificial Intelligence in Judiciary
- Refers to use of AI technologies to support judicial administration and court processes.
- Involves Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, OCR and speech recognition tools.
- AI functions as a decision-support and efficiency-enhancing system, not a judge substitute.
- Judicial discretion and adjudication remain exclusively with human judges.
Key Technologies Used
- Machine Learning (ML) for pattern recognition in cases and judicial data.
- Natural Language Processing (NLP) for legal research and precedent identification.
- Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for digitising scanned legal documents.
- Speech recognition systems for voice-to-text conversion during court proceedings.
Major AI-Based Judicial Initiatives
- Legal Research Analysis Assistant (LegRAA)
- AI tool assisting judges in legal research, document analysis and decision support.
- Developed under the eCommittee of the Supreme Court.
- Digital Courts 2.1
- Paperless court platform with integrated judgment databases and document management.
- Includes SHRUTI (voice-to-text) and PANINI (AI-based translation) tools.
- SUPACE (Supreme Court Portal Assistance in Court Efficiency)
- Experimental AI system to analyse factual matrices and search relevant precedents.
- Supports judges in handling complex and voluminous case records.
- Nyaya Shruti and e-Sakshya (ICJS)
- AI-enabled platforms for virtual testimonies, video conferencing and evidence recording.
- Improve speed, transparency and coordination in criminal justice delivery.
Significance
- Reduces pendency and procedural delays in courts.
- Improves consistency, accessibility and citizen-centric justice delivery.
- Strengthens digital transformation of India’s judicial ecosystem.