Why in News: Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar resigned from his post on July 22, 2025, citing health concerns and on the advice of doctors.
Constitutional Provision Involved:
- Resignation made under Article 67(a) of the Indian Constitution.
Article 67(a):
- The Vice President may resign by writing under his hand addressed to the President of India.
Vice President of India
Position:
- 2nd-highest constitutional post after the President.
- Ranked next to the President in the Warrant of Precedence.
- Office modeled on the U.S. Vice President.
Functions:
- Acts as President in case of absence, death, resignation, or impeachment of the President.
- Ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha (Upper House of Parliament).
Election of Vice President
Indirect Election by an Electoral College comprising:
- Both elected and nominated members of Parliament (Lok Sabha + Rajya Sabha).
- State Legislatures not included (unlike in Presidential election).
Voting Method:
- Proportional representation by means of Single Transferable Vote.
Disputes:
- Supreme Court adjudicates all disputes related to Vice Presidential elections.
- Its decision is final.
Procedure for Removal vs. Resignation:
- Removal: By a resolution passed by an effective majority in Rajya Sabha and simple majority in Lok Sabha.
- Resignation: Resignation is submitted to the President as per Article 67(a).
Tenure Facts
- Vice President holds office for 5 years but continues until successor takes charge.
- Eligible for reelection.
- Vacancy may occur due to expiration of term, resignation, removal, death, or disqualification.