News Context

• India crossed 300 GW of non-fossil fuel installed electricity capacity as of July 31, 2026.
• This is over 60% of India’s 500 GW non-fossil fuel target by 2030.
• Non-fossil fuel capacity now accounts for over 54% of India’s total electricity generation capacity (552 GW).

Non-Fossil Fuel Capacity Breakdown: Key Facts for Prelims

India’s Energy Mix: Key Facts

• Solar energy grew from 2.8 GW (2014) to 165 GW (2026), the fastest growing sector.
• Wind energy grew from 21 GW (2014) to 58 GW (2026).
• A record 55.29 GW of non-fossil capacity was installed in 2025-26 alone.
• Renewable energy generation increased from 190.96 BU (2014-15) to 477.79 BU (2025-26).
• ALMM (Approved List of Models and Manufacturers) capacity for Solar PV Modules crossed 200 GW, up from 2.3 GW in 2014.

Key Facts for Prelims

• CPGRAMS stands for Centralised Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System.
• It is developed and monitored by DARPG (Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances) under the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances, and Pensions.
• It is the Government’s flagship digital grievance redressal platform.

CPGRAMS Features: Key Facts

• Available 24×7 as a single portal connected to all Central Ministries, Departments, State Governments, and UTs.
• Supports submissions in 22 scheduled languages in addition to English.
• One Nation, One Portal: Integrates State grievance portals and other government platforms into a unified ecosystem.
• Each complaint receives a unique registration ID for tracking grievance status.

Grievance Resolution and Appeal: Concepts for Prelims

• Grievances must be resolved within a maximum of 21 days of receipt, and promptly wherever possible within that period.
• If the complainant rates the resolution as “Poor,” an option to file an appeal is enabled.
• The appeal status can be tracked using the same grievance registration number.

Key Facts for Prelims

• CCI is a statutory body established under the Competition Act, 2002; became fully functional in 2009.
• It functions under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs; headquartered in New Delhi.
• Objective: Prevent practices that adversely affect competition, promote and sustain competition in markets, protect consumer interests, and ensure freedom of trade.

CCI Composition: Key Facts

• CCI consists of a Chairperson and not less than two and not more than six Members, all appointed by the Central Government.
• Members must be persons of ability, integrity, with special knowledge in economics, law, business, commerce, or related subjects.

CCI Functions: Concepts for Prelims

Competition Act, 2002 and 2023 Amendment: Key Facts

• The Competition Act, 2002 replaced the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act, 1969.
• It was based on recommendations of the Raghavan Committee (2000) on competition policy, shifting focus from controlling monopolies to promoting competition.
• The Competition (Amendment) Act, 2023 introduced a deal value threshold for merger notifications — combinations exceeding ₹2,000 crore with substantial Indian operations.
• It reduced the merger review timeline from 210 days to 150 days.
• It introduced settlements and commitments frameworks and empowered CCI to impose penalties based on global turnover for cartels.