OPSC / OAS
GS Paper I & III
Odisha Geography & Economy
Koraput Coffee: Tribal Livelihoods, GI Status and BRICS Diplomacy
BRICS delegates and mediapersons get a taste of the exotic Arabica brew from Koraput’s hills — putting Odisha’s tribal coffee economy in the international spotlight
KORAPUT’S COFFEE VARIETY
100% Arabica (“Tiger Bright”)
GI COVERAGE
Araku Valley Arabica Coffee (2019)
NODAL AGGREGATOR
TDCCOL (tribal cooperative)
📰
About the News
- BRICS delegates and mediapersons got a taste of the exotic Arabica brew from Koraput’s hills, spotlighting Odisha’s tribal coffee economy on a multilateral platform.
📰
Source: Current Affairs Digest
🌱
Geography & Agro-Climatic Conditions
Crop Characteristics
- India primarily produces two varieties — Arabica (mild, aromatic, grown at higher altitudes) and Robusta (stronger body, higher caffeine, grown at lower altitudes). Koraput’s “Tiger Bright” is 100% Arabica.
Cultivation Requirements for Arabica
Altitude
900 m to 1,500 m above sea level; Koraput’s Eastern Ghats plateau ranges around 3,000-4,000 feet.
Temperature
Moderate, 15°C to 25°C — sensitive to extreme frost and high heat.
Rainfall
150 cm to 200 cm annually, well-distributed, followed by a dry spell for ripening/harvesting.
Soil & Shade
Well-drained red laterite/loamy soil rich in humus; grown under a two-tier forest canopy preserving biodiversity.
Regional Distribution
- Traditional areas: Karnataka (~70% of total production), Kerala, Tamil Nadu.
- Non-traditional areas: Eastern Ghats (Andhra Pradesh’s Araku Valley, Odisha’s Koraput, Rayagada, Kandhamal) and the North-Eastern States.
🤝
Economy & Tribal Livelihoods
Institutional Framework
- TDCCOL (Tribal Development Cooperative Corporation of Odisha Ltd.): the primary aggregator and marketing agency, eliminating middlemen and ensuring fair procurement prices to tribal growers.
- Coffee Board of India: a statutory body under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, set up under the Coffee Act of 1942, responsible for research, extension and development.
Policy Linkages
- One District One Product (ODOP): Koraput Coffee is promoted under the ODOP scheme (DPIIT) to boost export readiness and local branding.
- Shift from Podu (shifting) cultivation: coffee plantation under forest canopy provides an eco-friendly alternative, curbing soil erosion while delivering sustainable cash income.
- Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006: recognition of individual and community forest rights has encouraged tribal families to take up horticulture and agro-forestry on patta land.
Exam trap: Coffee cultivation as a Podu-cultivation alternative is a frequently tested “eco-friendly livelihood transition” theme — link it with agro-forestry and FRA patta rights, not just with agriculture policy alone.
🧠
Analysis: GI Status, IR and Cultural Diplomacy
Intellectual Property: Geographical Indication (GI) Status
- Coffee from this agro-ecological zone gained GI coverage in 2019 under the shared “Araku Valley Arabica Coffee” registration (covering contiguous zones across Odisha and Andhra Pradesh).
- Odisha has also pursued institutional steps toward a distinct, standalone GI status for Koraput Coffee to highlight its specific terroir, organic forest-grown profile, and tribal cooperative branding.
International Relations & Cultural Diplomacy
- Economic Diplomacy via ODOP: showcasing indigenous, high-value agricultural commodities (like Koraput Coffee at the BRICS Summit) reflects India’s strategy to promote geographical specialties on multilateral platforms.
- Soft Power & Global Branding: elevating forest-grown tribal produce aligns with global demand for ethically sourced, shade-grown, and single-origin specialty coffees.
| Concept | Key Fact |
|---|---|
| GI Tag Year | 2019, under “Araku Valley Arabica Coffee” |
| Coffee Board Established | Under the Coffee Act, 1942 |
| Nodal Scheme | One District One Product (ODOP), DPIIT |
| Cultivation Alternative To | Podu (shifting) cultivation |
Odisha-specific economy and GI-tag questions like this one are exactly what the daily current affairs desk at Strive Edge IAS Academy — the best OPSC OAS coaching institute in Bhubaneswar — is built to cover in depth.

