• Scheme Name: Mukhyamantri Janajati Jeevika Mission-2 (MMJM-2).
• Target Beneficiaries: Families belonging to Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) and broader tribal communities in Odisha.

Coverage Scope:

• Covers 19 districts.
• Targets over 800,000 tribal families across 134 Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) and Micro Project Agency (MPA) blocks.
• Financial Outlay: ₹2,995 crore over 60 months (5 years), fully funded by the State Government.

• Farm & Allied: Agriculture, horticulture, fisheries, animal husbandry, sericulture, and minor forest produce (MFP) collection.
• Non-Farm: Traditional arts, handicrafts, handlooms, and micro-enterprises.

• State-Level Steering Committee: Headed by the Secretary of the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Development Department; includes Directors of allied departments (Agriculture, Horticulture, Fisheries, Sericulture) and Managing Director of TDCCOL (Tribal Development Cooperative Corporation of Odisha Ltd).
• District-Level Steering Committee: Responsible for drafting district plans, inter-departmental convergence, and grassroots implementation.

• India has 75 designated PVTGs spread across 18 States and 1 UT.
• Odisha has the highest number of PVTGs (13 groups), including the Bonda, Dongria Kondh, Paudi Bhuyan, Chuktia Bhunjia, Juang, Saora, and Kutia Kondh.

Analysis

• Addressing Ultra-Marginalization: PVTGs face declining or stagnant populations, pre-agricultural levels of technology, economic backwardness, and extremely low literacy. General tribal development schemes often fail to penetrate these groups due to unique ecological and linguistic isolation.
• Micro Project Agencies (MPAs): Channelling funds through MPA blocks ensures interventions align with clan structures and local micro-geographies.

• Mitigating Climate & Seasonal Risks: Over-reliance on rain-fed shifting cultivation (Podu) and seasonal Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) leaves PVTGs economically vulnerable.
• Allied Sector Convergence: Integrating fisheries, sericulture, and backyard poultry adds regular income buffers without causing cultural disruption.
• Value Addition & Collectivization: Leveraging bodies like TDCCOL helps bypass exploitative middlemen in minor forest produce and handicraft supply chains.

• Operational Guidelines Lag: While approved at the Cabinet level, administrative execution often stalls during guideline drafting and convergence between disparate line departments (Agriculture, Sericulture, Animal Husbandry).
• Complementarity with Central Schemes: Effective outcomes require synchronizing MMJM with central safety nets, notably PM-JANMAN (Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan) and the Van Dhan Vikas Yojana

Livelihood missions for tribal communities, PVTGs and Micro Project Agencies, the role of TDCCOL and convergence with PM-JANMAN and Van Dhan Vikas Yojana are recurring themes for OPSC Prelims (Current Events, Odisha Specific) and OPSC Mains GS Paper II.

For structured notes on Odisha-specific current affairs, aspirants preparing in Bhubaneswar can join the OPSC Foundation Batch at Strive Edge IAS — recognized as one of the best OPSC OAS coaching institutes in Bhubaneswar.