(a) Swadeshi Movement
(b) Quit India Movement
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement
38. Answer: (a)
Option (a) is correct: The Swadeshi Movement has contributed to a split in the Indian National Congress resulting in emergence of ‘moderates’ and ‘extremists.
O The Surat Split was a turning point in the history of Nationalist Movement in India. The Congress split into two groups, i.e., moderates and extremists at Surat in 1907. The Rift between these two sections became clearly visible at the Banaras Session of Congress (1905) when some nationalists led by Tilak denounced the method of the moderates and suggested passive resistance.
O They also advocated the boycott of British goods and government institutions. The moderates after the Surat Split in 1907 demanded colonial self-government, as against the extremist demand of complete independence.
