PRELIMS
SUBARNAREKHA RIVER
GS1 – Geography
Origin: Nagri village, Ranchi district, Jharkhand (Chotanagpur Plateau)
States Covered: Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha
Outflow: Bay of Bengal (near Talsari, Odisha)
Major Tributaries: Kharkai, Roro, Kanchi, Harmu Nadi, Damra, Karu, Chinguru, Gurma, Garra, Singaduba, Kodia, Dulunga, Khaijori
Important Towns: Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Ghatshila, Baleshwar
Waterfall: Hundru Falls (98 m, near Ranchi)
QATAR
GS1 – Places in News
Capital: Doha (Al-Dawḥah)
Location: West coast of Persian Gulf; shares land border with eastern Saudi Arabia, close to UAE and Bahrain
Economy: Based on petroleum and natural gas
Religion: Islam is the official religion; Sharia governs legislation
Language: Arabic (official), English widely used
NAVYA INITIATIVE
GS2 – Governance / Women & Child Development
Launched by: MWCD + MSDE
Target Group: Girls aged 16–18 years, with at least Class 10 education
Goal: Skilling in non-traditional job roles; promote self-reliance and inclusive growth
Implementation: 27 districts across 19 states, including NE & Aspirational districts
Linked Schemes: PMKVY, PM Vishwakarma
E-RAKT KOSH & RARE BLOOD GROUP REGISTRY
GS2 – Health
Developed by: C-DAC under National Health Mission
Purpose: Central blood bank info platform (availability, donation, camp listings)
Rare Blood Group:
- Defined as present in <1 in 1000 people
- Types: Rhnull, Bombay (Oh), Jr(a-), etc.
- Integration: Rare Donor Registry now part of e-Rakt Kosh
BLOOMBERG PHILANTHROPIES TOBACCO CONTROL AWARDS 2025
GS2 – Health
Presented by: WHO Global Ambassador at World Conference, Dublin
Awardees: India, Mauritius, Mexico, Montenegro, Philippines, Ukraine
Support: $20 million Accelerator Fund for low/middle-income countries
About Bloomberg Philanthropies:
- Works across 700 cities in 150 countries
- Focus Areas: Arts, Education, Environment, Government Innovation, Public Health
GWADA NEGATIVE — NEW BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM
GS2 – Health
Discovered by: French Blood Agency (EFS)
Official Name: EMM-negative (ISBT042)
Rarity: Only one known individual globally
Features: Absence of EMM antigen (normally present in almost all humans)
Significance: 48th recognized blood group system globally
ISBT:
- Founded: 1935
- HQ: Amsterdam
- Maintains standardized blood group systems
INDIA vs ORGANISATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION (OIC)
GS2 – International Relations
Issue: OIC’s comments on Indian affairs at its Council of Foreign Ministers’ meet
India’s Response:
- Rejected as “unwarranted and factually incorrect”
- Criticized OIC’s silence on terrorism from Pakistan
About OIC:
- Founded: 1969
- HQ: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Members: 57 (Muslim-majority countries)
- India: Not a member (despite 3rd largest Muslim population)
- Languages: Arabic, English, French
IFFCO’s FIRST OVERSEAS NANO FERTILIZER PLANT — BRAZIL
GS3 – Agriculture
Location: Brazil
Output: 4.5 million litres of nano fertiliser annually
Nano Fertiliser:
- Nutrient particles <100 nm
- Improve absorption, reduce losses, boost yield
- India was first to commercialize Nano Urea (by IFFCO, 2021)
- Goal: Reduce excessive use of conventional urea
